When taken outside of the United States, university property such as commodities, software, and technology (hereafter called items) may be subject to export licensing under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) or regulations by other government agencies. Many items such as laptops, tablets, cell phones and PDA’s containing commercial software, may be temporarily exported as "tools of trade" under the export license exception TMP. "Tools of Trade" can be simply defined as items that are used for university business, conferences, trade shows, etc. The TMP certification form is used to document the temporary export of university property.